Njengoba izinzuzo zezempilo zamakhowe ziya ngokuya zikhula kahle - ezaziwayo kube nezakhiwo ezihambisanayo zemikhiqizo ezithi zinikeza ukufinyelela kulezi zinzuzo. Le mikhiqizo ingena ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ezingefani ezingadidayo ukuze umthengi aqonde. Eminye imikhiqizo isithi yenziwe nge-mycelium kanti abanye bavela emzimbeni wezithelo. Ezinye zingamapopi futhi ezinye zikhishwa, zishisa - okukhishwe amanzi, okukhishwe ama-ethanol noma okukhishwe kabili. Abanye bangase bakutshele ingxenye eyodwa yenqubo futhi abanye basebenzise amagama afanayo nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke yini empeleni ekuhlinzekeni / kwe-latte / ukhilimu wobuso?
Okokuqala kuyadingeka ukusula ukungaqondi okujwayelekile. Ukusuka ekuhlolweni kwe-mushroom mycelium kanye nezithelo umzimba empeleni kuyafana. Zombili zihlanganiswe ne-hyphae ekhule nge-substrate njenge-mycelium noma zihlanganise ndawonye ukwakha umzimba onezithelo ngomehluko omncane phakathi kwama-mulsines main maqondana nama-polysaccharides ahlobene. Kodwa-ke, akuyona yonke i-mycelium efana ne-mycelium ekhiqizwa ngokuvutshelwa okumsulwa ngoketshezi oluhlwayiwe ekugcineni kokuvutshelwa, ama-mycelium we-mushcelium avame ukukhula kuma-rainst aqinile, nawo wonke ama-mycelial biomass ', kufaka phakathi I-substrate esele, ivunwa futhi yomisiwe.
Ngokufanele ilebula lizokwehlukanisa lokhu okubili kodwa, uma kungenjalo, kuvame ukuba lula ukuthi ikhasimende litshele umehluko, njengoba i-mycelial biomass ngokujwayelekile i-substrates ye-compares izonambitha kabanzi njenge-substrate yasekuqaleni yokusanhlamvu futhi ngaphansi komkhiqizo ovuthiwe.
Bese kuthi, kanye nemizimba elula yomisiwe neyimpuphu ye-mycelium / mycelial / mycelial biomass Imikhiqizo eminingi emakethe namuhla inezikhundla ezingenziwa kusuka kumizimba ye-lentinuro yezithelo (i-mycelium (ie. I-PSK / Krestin ne-PSP kusuka kuTrametes Versicolor).
Ukwenza i-Mushroom Extract kuyinqubo elula equkethe izinyathelo eziyisithupha eziyisisekelo:
1. Ukuhlekisa kokuqukethwe okuluhlaza lapho kunesidingo khona.
2. Ukukhishwa ku-solvent ekhethiwe, imvamisa amanzi noma i-ethanol (empeleni yenza itiye noma i-tincture).
3. Ukuhlunga ukuhlukanisa uketshezi kusuka kuma-solidi asele.
4. Ukugxila koketshezi ngokuhanjiswa noma ukubilisa.
I-5. Ukuhlanzwa koketshezi oluhlanganisiwe ngotshwala bezulu, ukugcwala kwe-membrane kwe-filtration noma ikholomu i-chromatography.
6. Ukomisa ukugxilisa okuhlanjululwe ku-powder, kungaba nge-fafaza - ukomisa noma kuhhavini.
Isinyathelo esengeziwe lapho ukhipha amakhowe anjenge-mane yebhubesi, shiitake, amakhowe we-oyster, ama-militaris nama-agaricus kanye ne-agaricus subrufescens (ukuvumelanisa. A. Blazeii) ukufakwa kwesithwali ukuze kusebenze inqubo yokukhiqiza. Lawa makhowe aqukethe amazinga aphezulu ama-polysaccharides ama-polysaccharides amafushane (ama-oligosaccharides akhiwa ngu-3 - Ushukela olula ohlanganisiwe uhlanganiswe ndawonye) okuba anamathela kakhulu lapho evezwa umoya oshisayo esifuywayo - Ukuze ulwele lokhu kujwayelekile ukwengeza iphesenti leMaltodilextrin (ngokwayo i-polysaccharide) noma i-superfine mushroom powder (umhlabathi kuya ku-200 mesh, 74μm). Ngokungafani ne-superfine mushroom powder, iMaltoDextrin inenzuzo, kuya ngokwakha, ukuthi inincibilike ngokuphelele futhi inokunambitheka okumnandi, okwenza kube okufiseleka kakhulu ngemikhiqizo yendlela yokuphila njengeziphuzo '
Ukwehla kwendabuko kuvame ukufaka amakhowe anzima afana noReishi noChaga ukukhulisa indawo yabo engaphezulu ngaphambi kokugcotshwa. Kodwa-ke, le akuyona indlela ephumelelayo yokukhipha wonke ama-molecule asebenzayo kumakhowe - ngokuqondile i-β - ama-glucans - kusuka odongeni lweseli. Ukuze wandise isivuno se-β - i-glucan, kungaba ukugaya okungaphezulu ngaphambi kokugcotshwa noma ukungezwa kwama-enzyme ngesikhathi sokudla kungasetshenziswa ukudiliza izindonga zeseli. Lokhu kuncibilikisa kungaphinda kabili imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-β - glucan (usebenzisa i-KBGLYME's K - I-YBGL TEST TEST KIT).
Ukuthi ngabe i-mushroom kufanele ikhishwe ngamanzi noma i-ethanol noma bobabili kuncike kuma-molekyuli asebenzayo umkhiqizo waklanywa uzungeze. Imikhiqizo ehlukene yezentengiso igxile kuhlu lwamakhompiyutha ahlukene kufaka phakathi: ama-polysaccharides, β - ama-glucans kanye ne-α - ama-nucleosides kanye ne-nucleosides -
Ngemikhiqizo lapho amazinga aphezulu we-soluble polysaccharides (ngokungafani ne-fiber engafakwanga futhi okuyindlela ye-polysaccharide), α Amanzi ancibilikayo ancibilikayo. Lapho amazinga aphezulu amanzi amancane - Izingxenye ezi-Soluble ezifana ne-Tritandenenes, ama-Diterpenes kanye nama-ketone afiselekayo i-ethanol imvamisa yi-solvent yokuzikhethela. Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-ethanol emsulwa futhi inzima ukuyiphatha (ukuqhuma akuyona ingxenye yezindlela zokukhiqiza ezisebenza kahle) iphesenti lamanzi lingezwa ngaphambi kokuzijwayeza i-solvent esetshenzisiwe yikhambi le-70 - 75% ethanol solution.
Umqondo omusha omusha osanda kukhula ngokuthandwa 'kukhishwa okumbili' okubhekisele ekuhlanganiseni imikhiqizo yamanzi kanye ne-ethanol. Isibonelo, i-Real - Ukukhishwa kweReishi kuzoba nezinyathelo ezilandelayo, ezingashintshwa ngezindlela eziningi zokukhiqiza ukukhishwa okucacisiwe okuhlukile:
1. Ukulungiselela okushisayo - ukukhishwa kwamanzi, ngokuhlekisa noma ngaphandle kokuhlekisa ngokugaya okuphezulu.
a. Ngaphandle kokuhlekisa Ukukhishwa kuzoba> Ama-polysaccharides angama-30
b. Ngokugaya okungaphezulu kwe-β - okuqukethwe kwe-glucan (i-megazyme test kit) nama-polysaccharides (ukumuncwa kwe-UV) kuzokobabili kungukuthi> 30%
2. Ukukhishwa kwezindawo ezisasele eziqinile ezisele ngemuva kokushisa - ukukhishwa kwamanzi esikhandlani sotshwala esingu-70%. Ngemuva kokuhlanzwa kwe-polysaccharides okuqukethwe kuzoba cishe ngo-10% (UV) kanye nokuqukethwe okuphelele kwe-triternene cishe ngo-20% (HPLC) ngesilinganiso sokukhishwa kwama-40 - 50: 1.
3. Ukuxuba okungu-1 no-2 kusilinganiso esidingekayo ukukhiqiza umkhiqizo wokugcina ngesilinganiso esifunekayo se-polysaccharides kuya kuma-triitaccharides kuya kuma-triitaccarides (ama-30% ama-polysaccharides / β - ama-glucans no-3
4. I-Vacuum Concentration ukususa iningi loketshezi.
I-5. Spray - ukomisa ukukhiqiza okukhishwe yimpuphu.
In addition, alongside traditional powdered and extracted mushroom products a new hybrid form of mushroom material, spray-dried powder, has recently been introduced to the market (also sold as 1:1 extract or just mushroom extract). Ngokungafani nokukhishwa kwendabuko lapho izingxenye ze-insoluble zisuswa ngocingo, ku-spray - amapontshi omisiwe okukhishwe kungukufafaza - (Lapho ixutshwe namanzi bese kwesobunxele ukumela lokhu yikho okuxazululiwe). Lokhu kukhiqiza okuphansi okuphansi - Izindleko ezinamazinga we-Glucan
Njengoba kunikezwe ukwahlukahluka kwezinto zokwakha amakhowe kanye nekhono lokuzivumelanisa nezidingo ezithile kubalulekile ukuthi izinhlobo zemikhiqizo ziqonde ukuthi zizothenga yini umsebenzi owuthandayo - kusuka ku-auroplastity. Ngokombono wabathengi, ukwazi okuningi ngokucubungula kukusiza ukuba uqonde ukuthi uthatha ini, ubuze imibuzo efanelekile futhi uthole imikhiqizo engcono kakhulu emakethe. Kungasekuduze okungenakwenzeka ukuthola ukuthi izinyathelo eziqondile zokucubungula amakhowe kumkhiqizo wakho ziye zadlula, kepha zilandelwa kakhulu ukuthengiswa kwe-brand ukuthengiswa okuthe xaxa kulapho kufanele bazi khona, futhi kuhlale kukubuza.
Isikhathi sePosi: Jun - 05 - 2023